Summary: This course will begin with an introduction to industrial control systems (SCADA, DCS, PLC, RTU, IED, field devices, meters, etc) and will explain what makes control systems different than business IT. Potential mitigation approaches including policies and technologies will be discussed. Example control system cyber events and their ramifications will be presented. Finally, current industry and government activities to secure ICS will be discussed.
Summary: This course will familiarize learners with the need to strengthen the protection of the control systems used in the industry against cyber (electronic) threats. The control systems addressed include SCADA systems, IEDs, substation automation systems, and distribution control systems. The course will identify the major threats, and outline practical suggestions about how the security of these systems may be enhanced. After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of: Issues relating to cyber security (Why do people care about this subject?); The threats to the security of control systems (Who are the intruders, and why do they do what they do?); What makes control systems vulnerable to intrusion?; Industry’s experience is with breaches of security? (Separating the myths from the reality); What utilities are required or advised to do to protect their systems (Rules, regulations, and standards: steering through the regulatory thicket); What utilities can do now to protect their systems (Practical steps that go beyond what is currently required.); Anticipated future developments to enhance the cyber security of control systems.
Summary: This tutorial introduces the General Feedback Theorem (GFT). Feedback systems are usually designed with the familiar single-loop block diagram in mind. Various nonidealities, such as unavoidable minor loops and direct forward transmission, make the single-loop block diagram progressively less useful. The GFT defines a natural block diagram model that is identical in format to the single-loop model that is conventionally assumed, thus providing a desirable link between general feedback theory and a detailed circuit diagram analyzed in terms of factored pole-zero transfer functions. The GFT is illustrated on a potentially unstable Darlington emitter/source follower stage, and leads to design criteria that limit the maximum peaking regardless of the value of the load capacitance. Another example is a two-stage feedback amplifier having various nonidealities, including loading interactions at all points, direct forward transmission, and two minor loops. The GFT is computer friendly, and emphasis is on the numerical and graphical results obtained by use of an Intusoft ICAP/4 circuit simulator.
Summary: This tutorial presents an overview of the fundamentals of fuel cell engineering and of the history of fuel cell development for electric power applications. The fuel cell uses a catalyzed reaction between a fuel and an oxidizer to directly produce electricity. Its high theoretical efficiency and low temperature operation made it a subject of much study upon its invention ca. 1900, but its relatively high life cycle costs kept it as solution in search of a problem for its first half century. After completing this course you should have an understanding of: The place of fuel cells among energy conversion technologies; The basic principles of fuel cell electrochemistry; The engineering fundamentals of fuel cell power plants for both transportation and stationary applications; The differing power system engineering tradeoffs that drive the development of fuel cell technology for NASA's manned space program in a direction different than that for applications for The Hydrogen Economy.
Summary: This course will provide a presentation of the electrical subsystem for important distributed generation technologies. The main focus will be on wind turbines and photovoltaics. The analysis of grid interconnection issues, assessment procedures and methodologies will also be discussed. This will cover typical interconnection schemes, power quality and fault level considerations and protection requirements. The course will also provide a presentation of the latest grid-code requirements for the connection of large wind farms. This will address basic requirements regarding fault ride-through, active and reactive power regulation, as well as their fulfillment by the technologies available today. Finally, the course will presentat the latest developments in microgrids and discussion of grid integration issues in autonomous island power systems.
Summary: This course gives an overview of power quality with an emphasis on IEEE and IEC standards. Technical areas that are briefly covered include: voltage sags, grounding, harmonics, voltage flicker, and transients.
Summary: This course will discuss the requirements and transistor design issues in current and future low power technologies. After reviewing the tradeoffs between low standby and low active power, the methods for and required future innovations in low power process and transistor design will be discussed.
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